pH of Pharmaceutical Systems
The pH of body fluids ranges between 1 and approximately 8. The stomach is the most acidic region of the body with a pH that varies between 1 and 3. The normal pH of
Pharmacotherapeutics
How Are Drugs Used Clinically in Patients? The study of the therapeutic
Absolute and Relative Bioavailability Definitions
Absolute Bioavailability The absolute bioavailability of a given drug from a dosage
Infographic: The Basics of Understanding Pharmacy Abbreviations
[wp_ad_camp_4]Medication labels on pharmacy prescriptions can be difficult to understand because they contain abbreviations that medical professionals use as shorthand.
Alternative Medicine
Often called ‘‘complementary and alternative medicine,’’ this group of medical practices has also been termed ‘‘unconventional,’’ ‘‘unorthodox,’’ ‘‘unproven,’’ and even ‘‘quackery.’’ Because these terms
Kefauver-Harris Drug Amendments 1962
The amendment was a response to the Thalidomide tragedy, in which thousands of children were born with birth defects as
Clinical Trial
Clinical Trial [Syn. clinical investigation, clinical study] is any systematic and carefully designed study on medicinal products in human subjects
Biosimilar Medicines
Unlike generic medicines where the active ingredients are identical, biosimilars – by definition – are not likely to be identical
Gene Therapy
Gene therapy is a process in which exogenous genetic material is transferred into somatic cells to correct an inherited or
pharmEcovigilance
For a better understanding of the lifecycle of a drug, consider the following aspects of the afterlives of APIs: where
Pharmaceutical Rheology
All normal or Newtonian fluids (air, water, oil, honey) follow the same scientific laws. On the other hand, there are
Dosage Forms
As pure compounds, drugs are usually solid substances (amorphous or crystalline) or, in rare cases, liquids. Drugs are combined with